<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-891590477090826984</id><updated>2011-11-27T16:18:00.273-08:00</updated><title type='text'>INFLUENZA HUMANA H1N1</title><subtitle type='html'>INFLUENZA HUMANA H1N1 porcina</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/891590477090826984/posts/default?max-results=100'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><author><name>vikingo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16260060789958704799</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>7</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>100</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-891590477090826984.post-1235942061863851842</id><published>2009-06-19T12:07:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2009-06-24T09:56:09.188-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Influenza A virus subtype H1N1</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_dVdtw1W3PrU/SjvjezxXFCI/AAAAAAAAACo/b_uXrJQhdlU/s1600-h/Reconstructed_Spanish_Flu_Virus.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 197px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_dVdtw1W3PrU/SjvjezxXFCI/AAAAAAAAACo/b_uXrJQhdlU/s320/Reconstructed_Spanish_Flu_Virus.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5349119100865418274" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For the 1918 pandemic of Influenza A(H1N1), see 1918 flu pandemic.&lt;br /&gt;For the current pandemic of Influenza A(H1N1), see 2009 flu pandemic.&lt;br /&gt;Influenza &lt;br /&gt;Influenza &lt;br /&gt;Virus &lt;br /&gt;Avian influenza &lt;br /&gt;Swine influenza &lt;br /&gt;Flu season &lt;br /&gt;Research &lt;br /&gt;Vaccine &lt;br /&gt;Treatment &lt;br /&gt;A/H5N1 subtype &lt;br /&gt;A/H1N1 subtype &lt;br /&gt;Pandemic &lt;br /&gt;&lt;object width="560" height="340"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/ehueQ_tz6EY&amp;hl=es&amp;fs=1&amp;"&gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"&gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"&gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/ehueQ_tz6EY&amp;hl=es&amp;fs=1&amp;" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="560" height="340"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;"Dr. Mary Young, assistant professor of medicine at Georgetown University Medical Center, discusses Influenza A H1N1 (swine flu), its symptoms, and steps that can be taken to prevent contracting"&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Influenza A virus subtype H1N1, also known as A(H1N1), is a subtype of influenzavirus A and the most common cause of influenza (flu) in humans. Some strains of H1N1 are endemic in humans and cause a small fraction of all influenza-like illness and a large fraction of all seasonal influenza. H1N1 strains caused roughly half of all human flu infections in 2006. Other strains of H1N1 are endemic in pigs (swine influenza) and in birds (avian influenza).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In June 2009, WHO declared that flu due to a new strain of swine-origin H1N1 was responsible for the 2009 flu pandemic. This strain is commonly called "swine flu".&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Contents &lt;br /&gt;1 Nomenclature &lt;br /&gt;2 Spanish flu &lt;br /&gt;3 Russian flu &lt;br /&gt;4 2009 Influenza A(H1N1) pandemic &lt;br /&gt;5 See also &lt;br /&gt;6 Notes &lt;br /&gt;7 External links &lt;br /&gt;7.1 Nontechnical &lt;br /&gt;7.2 Technical &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Nomenclature&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;The various types of influenza viruses in humans. Solid squares show the appearance of a new strain, causing recurring influenza pandemics. Broken lines indicate uncertain strain identifications. Influenza A virus strains are categorized according to two proteins found on the surface of the virus: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N). All influenza A viruses contain hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, but the structure of these proteins differ from strain to strain due to rapid genetic mutation in the viral genome.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Influenza A virus strains are assigned an H number and an N number based on which forms of these two proteins the strain contains. There are 16 H and 9 N subtypes known in birds, but only H 1, 2 and 3, and N 1 and 2 are commonly found in humans.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Spanish flu&lt;br /&gt;Main article: 1918 flu pandemic&lt;br /&gt;The Spanish flu, also known as La Gripe Española, or La Pesadilla, was an unusually severe and deadly strain of avian influenza, a viral infectious disease, that killed some 50 million to 100 million people worldwide over about a year in 1918 and 1919. It is thought to be one of the most deadly pandemics in human history. It was caused by the H1N1 type of influenza virus.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Spanish flu caused an unusual number of deaths because it may have caused a cytokine storm in the body. (The recent epidemic of bird flu, also an Influenza A virus, had a similar effect.)The Spanish flu virus infected lung cells, leading to overstimulation of the immune system via release of cytokines into the lung tissue. This leads to extensive leukocyte migration towards the lungs, causing destruction of lung tissue and secretion of liquid into the organ. This makes it difficult for the patient to breathe. In contrast to other pandemics, which mostly kill the old and the very young, the 1918 pandemic killed unusual numbers of young adults, which may have been due to their healthy immune systems being able to mount a very strong and damaging response to the infection.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The term "Spanish" flu was coined because Spain was at the time the only European country where the press were printing reports of the outbreak, which had killed thousands in the armies fighting the First World War. Other countries suppressed the news in order to protect morale.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Russian flu&lt;br /&gt;See Influenza A virus subtype H2N2#Russian flu for the 1889–1890 Russian flu &lt;br /&gt;The more recent Russian flu was a 1977–1978 flu epidemic caused by strain Influenza A/USSR/90/77 (H1N1). It infected mostly children and young adults under 23 because a similar strain was prevalent in 1947–57, causing most adults to have substantial immunity. Some have called it a flu pandemic but because it only affected the young it is not considered a true pandemic. The virus was included in the 1978–1979 influenza vaccine.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 2009 Influenza A(H1N1) pandemic&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Illustration of influenza antigenic shift.Main article: 2009 flu pandemic&lt;br /&gt;In the 2009 flu pandemic, the virus isolated from patients in the United States was found to be made up of genetic elements from four different flu viruses – North American Mexican influenza, North American avian influenza, human influenza, and swine influenza virus typically found in Asia and Europe – "an unusually mongrelised mix of genetic sequences." This new strain appears to be a result of reassortment of human influenza and swine influenza viruses, in all four different strains of subtype H1N1.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Preliminary genetic characterization found that the hemagglutinin (HA) gene was similar to that of swine flu viruses present in U.S. pigs since 1999, but the neuraminidase (NA) and matrix protein (M) genes resembled versions present in European swine flu isolates. The six genes from American swine flu are themselves mixtures of swine flu, bird flu, and human flu viruses. While viruses with this genetic makeup had not previously been found to be circulating in humans or pigs, there is no formal national surveillance system to determine what viruses are circulating in pigs in the U.S.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On June 11, 2009, the WHO declared an H1N1 pandemic, moving the alert level to phase 6, marking the first global pandemic since 1968.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; See also&lt;br /&gt;Fujian flu &lt;br /&gt;2009 A/H1N1 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Notes&lt;br /&gt;^ "CDC". http://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/.  &lt;br /&gt;^ a b Palese P (December 2004). "Influenza: old and new threats". Nat. Med. 10 (12 Suppl): S82–7. doi:10.1038/nm1141. PMID 15577936.  &lt;br /&gt;^ Lynch JP, Walsh EE (April 2007). "Influenza: evolving strategies in treatment and prevention". Semin Respir Crit Care Med 28 (2): 144–58. doi:10.1055/s-2007-976487. PMID 17458769.  &lt;br /&gt;^ http://www.fas.org/programs/ssp/bio/factsheets/H1N1factsheet.html &lt;br /&gt;^ Kobasa D, Jones SM, Shinya K, et al (January 2007). "Aberrant innate immune response in lethal infection of macaques with the 1918 influenza virus". Nature 445 (7125): 319–23. doi:10.1038/nature05495. PMID 17230189.  &lt;br /&gt;^ Kash JC, Tumpey TM, Proll SC, et al (October 2006). "Genomic analysis of increased host immune and cell death responses induced by 1918 influenza virus". Nature 443 (7111): 578–81. doi:10.1038/nature05181. PMID 17006449. PMC: 2615558. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&amp;pubmedid=17006449.  &lt;br /&gt;^ Cheung CY, Poon LL, Lau AS, et al (December 2002). "Induction of proinflammatory cytokines in human macrophages by influenza A (H5N1) viruses: a mechanism for the unusual severity of human disease?". Lancet 360 (9348): 1831–7. PMID 12480361.  &lt;br /&gt;^ Barry, John M. (2004). The Great Influenza: The Epic Story of the Greatest Plague in History. Viking Penguin. ISBN 0-670-89473-7.  &lt;br /&gt;^ CNN interactive health timeline box 1977: Russian flu scare &lt;br /&gt;^ Time magazine article Invasion from the Steppes published February 20, 1978 &lt;br /&gt;^ Global Security article Pandemic Influenza subsection Recent Pandemic Flu Scares &lt;br /&gt;^ State of Alaska Epidemiology Bulletin Bulletin No. 9 - April 21, 1978 - Russian flu confirmed in Alaska &lt;br /&gt;^ "Deadly new flu virus in US and Mexico may go pandemic". New Scientist. 2009-04-26. http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17025-deadly-new-flu-virus-in-us-and-mexico-may-go-pandemic.html. Retrieved on 2009-04-26.  &lt;br /&gt;^ Susan Watts (2009-04-25). "Experts concerned about potential flu pandemic". BBC. http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/newsnight/susanwatts/2009/04/experts_concerned_about_potent.html.  &lt;br /&gt;^ "Swine Influenza A (H1N1) Infection in Two Children --- Southern California, March--April 2009". CDC MMWR. 2009-04-22. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5815a5.htm.  &lt;br /&gt;^ Blippitt (2009-06-11). "H1N1 Pandemic - It's Official". N/A. http://www.blippitt.com/h1n1-pandemic-official.  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; External links&lt;br /&gt;BioHealthBase Bioinformatics Resource Center Database of influenza genomic sequences and related information. &lt;br /&gt;American Medical Association Physician Resources: Swine Flu &lt;br /&gt;Consultant Magazine H1N1 (Swine Flu) Center &lt;br /&gt; Wikinews has related news: Swine flu cases worldwide top 1,000 &lt;br /&gt;Pandemic Influenza: A Guide to Recent Institute of Medicine Studies and Workshops A collection of research papers and summaries of workshops by the Institute of Medicine on major policy issues related to pandemic influenza and other infectious disease threats. &lt;br /&gt;The Swine Flu Affair: Decision-Making on a Slippery Disease Report commissioned by the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, written by Richard Neustadt and Harvey V. Fineberg. An examination of what happened during and after the 1976 swine flu outbreak and lessons to help cope with similar situations in the future. &lt;br /&gt;Pandemik Global Map Dynamics maps, graphics and statistics about the A/H1N1 virus. &lt;br /&gt;Pandemic Preparedness Guide Pandemic Preparedness information for Individuals, families or business: Swine Flu or Bird Flu. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Nontechnical&lt;br /&gt;Why Revive a Deadly Flu Virus? By Jamie Shreeve - January 2006 New York Times - Six-page human-interest story on the recreation of the deadly 1918 H1N1 flu virus &lt;br /&gt;BBC News - 1918 flu virus's secrets revealed Results from analyzing a recreated strain. &lt;br /&gt;Publicly available data &lt;br /&gt;Oral history by 1918 pandemic survivor &lt;br /&gt;Public Flu Forum &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Technical&lt;br /&gt;Recent influenza A (H1N1) infections of pigs and turkeys in northern Europe &lt;br /&gt;Epidemiologic Notes and Reports Influenza A(H1N1) Associated With Mild Illness in a Nursing Home -- Maine &lt;br /&gt;Swine Influenza Vaccine, H1N1 &amp; H3N2, Killed Virus &lt;br /&gt;Influenza Virus Infections of Pigs &lt;br /&gt;H1N1-influenza as Lazarus: Genomic resurrection from the tomb of an unknown &lt;br /&gt;v • d • eInfluenza &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;General topics Research - Vaccine - Treatment - Genome sequencing - Reassortment - Superinfection - Season &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Influenza viruses Orthomyxoviridae - Influenza A - Influenza B - Influenza C &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Influenza A virus&lt;br /&gt;Subtypes H1N1 - H1N2 - H2N2 - H2N3 - H3N1 - H3N2 - H3N8 - H5N1 - H5N2 - H5N3 - H5N8 - H5N9 - H7N1 - H7N2 - H7N3 - H7N4 - H7N7 - H9N2 - H10N7 &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;H1N1        Pandemics 1918 flu pandemic (Spanish flu) - 2009 flu pandemic &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Science 2009 A/H1N1 &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;H5N1 Science Genetic structure - Transmission and infection - Global spread - Clinical Trials - Human mortality - Social impact - Pandemic preparation &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;        Outbreaks Croatia (2005) - India (2006) - UK (2007) - West Bengal (2008) &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Treatments Antiviral drugs Arbidol - adamantane derivatives (Amantadine, Rimantadine) - neuraminidase inhibitors (Oseltamivir, Peramivir, Zanamivir)&lt;br /&gt;Experimental (Peramivir) &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Flu vaccines FluMist - Fluzone &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Influenza epidemics &amp; pandemics        Pandemics Russian flu (1889–1890) - Spanish Flu - Asian Flu - Hong Kong Flu - 2009 flu pandemic &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Epidemics Russian flu (1977–1978) - Fujian flu (H3N2) &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Non-human Mammals Canine influenza - Cat influenza - Equine influenza (2007 Australian outbreak) - Swine influenza &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Non-mammals Avian influenza - Fujian flu (H5N1) &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Related Influenza-like illness&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/891590477090826984-1235942061863851842?l=influenzahumana9.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/feeds/1235942061863851842/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/2009/06/influenza-virus-subtype-h1n1.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/891590477090826984/posts/default/1235942061863851842'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/891590477090826984/posts/default/1235942061863851842'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/2009/06/influenza-virus-subtype-h1n1.html' title='Influenza A virus subtype H1N1'/><author><name>vikingo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16260060789958704799</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_dVdtw1W3PrU/SjvjezxXFCI/AAAAAAAAACo/b_uXrJQhdlU/s72-c/Reconstructed_Spanish_Flu_Virus.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-891590477090826984.post-5874979722921092931</id><published>2009-06-19T11:55:00.007-07:00</published><updated>2009-06-24T09:58:33.591-07:00</updated><title type='text'>INFLUENZA HUMANA</title><content type='html'>Influenza Humana H1N1: Prevención, cuidados y síntomas&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;object width="425" height="344"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/z-IQNxrORT4&amp;hl=es&amp;fs=1&amp;"&gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"&gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"&gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/z-IQNxrORT4&amp;hl=es&amp;fs=1&amp;" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="425" height="344"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;"VIRUS DE LA INFLUENZA PORCINA (H1N1)"&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;¿Qué es la Influeza ?&lt;br /&gt;La influenza es un virus que en los seres humanos provoca un enfermedad que lleva el mismo nombre. El virus se descubrió en 1933 y se clasifica en dos tipos principales, A y B, existiendo un tercer tipo, el C,menos importante y que se vincula a casos esporádicos y brotes pequeños.&lt;br /&gt;Como todos los virus, el de la influenza tiene la capacidad de mutar o “transformarse a sí mismo”, capacidad que utiliza para “hospedarse” en otros seres vivos y que le permite “defenderse” de las vacunas. La capacidad de mutación del virus origina cepas nuevas y distintas lo que obliga a desarrollar al mismo tiempo vacunas nuevas y distintas. Así, el virus de la influenza está en un constante proceso de transformación. En Chile, todos los años hay casos de influenza, concentrándose su ocurrencia durante los meses de invierno.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;¿Cómo se previene la influenza?&lt;br /&gt;La mejor manera de prevenir la influenza y sus complicaciones es la vacunación, en caso de que ésta exista.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Chile todos los años en el marco de la Campaña de Invierno vacuna a todos los niños menores de un año, a los mayores de 65 años y a los enfermos crónicos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;También existen hábitos de salud para prevenir ésta enfermedad: &lt;br /&gt;Evitar acercarse a personas que estén enfermas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La persona enferma debe evitar exponerse a otras personas para protegerlas y evitar que se enfermen también.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Si se está enfermo el confinamiento voluntario o quedarse en casa es de gran ayuda para evitar que otros se enfermen.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;No enviar a los niños enfermos al colegio.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Cubrir la boca o nariz cuando se tosa o estrornude.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Lavarse frecuentemente las manos ayuda a protegerse de los gérmenes. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;¿Cómo se transmite el virus de la influenza?&lt;br /&gt;El virus de la influenza es muy contagioso o bien tiene mucha facilidad para “hospedarse” en otros seres vivos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El contagio puede ser entre las aves, las aves y otros animales, las aves y el Hombre, y entre las personas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;En el caso del ser humano la transmisió n o contagio es la por la ví a aé rea: Boca o nariz.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Esta se produce porque una persona enferma de influenza libera al ambiente el virus por medio de sus secreciones, al toser o estornudar sin cubrirse con un pañuelo desechable, por ejemplo.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Las secreciones, en forma de pequeñas gotitas ingresan al cuerpo por la nariz o por la boca.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;¿Cómo se trata la influenza?&lt;br /&gt;Si se presenta síntomas similares a los descritos para la influenza , se deben tomar las siguientes medidas:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Reposo en el domicilio.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ingerir líquidos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Evitar el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas y de tabaco.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Evitar el uso de ácido acetilsalicílico, especialmente en niños o jóvenes por riesgo de complicaciones asociadas a su consumo.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Evitar el contacto con otras personas, especialmente niños pequeños o adultos mayores para evitar que contraigan su enfermedad.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Cubrir la boca y la nariz con un pañuelo desechable cuando tosa o estornude para no pasar los gérmenes a otras personas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Lavar frecuentemente las manos especialmente después de estornudar o tocarse la nariz.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;¿Cuáles son los síntomas de la influenza?&lt;br /&gt;La rutina hace que la influenza se perciba como un simple resfrío o gripe. Pero la influenza es algo más que un catarro ya que en algunos casos puede generar complicaciones respiratorias que necesiten hospitalización.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Lo más notorio de la influenza es que se manifiesta en forma súbita, sin avisos previos provocando una repentina fiebre alta la que dura en promedio dos o tres días, pudiendo llegar a la semana.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Junto a la fiebre elevada la enfermedad se acompaña de un cansancio o debilidad que pueden ser extremos, y que en el caso de los adultos mayores se puede prolongar más allá de los 2 a 5 días en que los paciente en general se mejoran.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La enfermedad se caracteriza también porque puede provocar dolor de cabeza en la zona frontal o bien generalizada. Es frecuente el dolor al tragar (odinofagia) y la tos, síntomas que pueden durar más de una semana.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El dolor muscular (mialgias), el dolor a las articulaciones (artralgias) y la molestia frente a la luz (fotofobia).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;En el caso de los niños los síntomas son fiebre, tos, congestión nasal, con posibilidad de irritabilidad, disminución del apetito, vómitos, diarrea y modorra (letargia). La dificultad para respirar es otro de los síntomas que se pueden presentar en los niños. En los menores de tres meses se puede presentar apnea (cese de la respiración). En lactantes menores la enfermedad se puede presentar sólo con fiebre alta, la que se ha asociado a convulsiones.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Síntesis de los síntomas: fiebre alta, dolor de cabeza, cansancio o debilidad, Tos seca, dolor de garganta, romadizo, dolores musculares, diarrea y vómitos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Altamente contagiosa &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Esta influenza es una enfermedad altamente contagiosa, cuyo brote actual está originado en la mutación de un virus (influenza virus A) que tiene componentes porcinos (subtipo H1N1), aviar y humano. Se caracteriza por presentar fiebre, cefalea, mialgias, postración, dolor de garganta y tos. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Según explica la docente, existen tres tipos de virus influenza; Influenza A, B y C, siendo estos dos últimos capaces de provocar enfermedad significativa en los humanos, en cambio el virus de la influenza A es el más importante dado por la capacidad que tiene de variar en su estructura y porque puede llegar a causar brotes epidémicos (diseminación local) o pandemias (en todo el mundo), como también poseer un amplio reservorio principalmente en aves silvestres. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Como este virus de la influenza A infecta a muchas especies de vertebrados, incluido otros mamíferos (como los cerdos), puede permitir que una coinfección con cepas animales y humanas de virus influenza pueda generar cepas virales muy diferentes por reordenación genética &lt;br /&gt;¿Vacunas? &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;cada año se prepara una vacuna con virus muertos de acuerdo a las cepas de influenza A y B que serán prevalentes en la comunidad en el invierno siguiente. Este año la vacuna para la influenza estacional contiene los serotipos A/H1N1, A/H3N2 y B. Esto significa, que no es efectiva para esta nueva mutación del virus. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dar con la vacuna específica tardará seis meses, de ahí la importancia de evitar exponerse a situaciones de riesgo. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Síntomas para estar alerta &lt;br /&gt;Ponga atención y consulte a su médico si tiene algunos de estos síntomas. Recuerde que el período de incubación es de 10 días. &lt;br /&gt;· Fiebre alta (más de 38 grados Celsius) &lt;br /&gt;· Dolor de cabeza, músculos y articulaciones &lt;br /&gt;· Tos intensa &lt;br /&gt;· Vómitos &lt;br /&gt;· Diarrea &lt;br /&gt;· Irritación de ojos &lt;br /&gt;- Falta de apetito&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/891590477090826984-5874979722921092931?l=influenzahumana9.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/feeds/5874979722921092931/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post_3155.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/891590477090826984/posts/default/5874979722921092931'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/891590477090826984/posts/default/5874979722921092931'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post_3155.html' title='INFLUENZA HUMANA'/><author><name>vikingo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16260060789958704799</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-891590477090826984.post-52100828411830600</id><published>2009-06-19T11:55:00.005-07:00</published><updated>2009-06-19T12:11:55.430-07:00</updated><title type='text'>A型H1N1流行性感冒病毒</title><content type='html'>A型H1N1流行性感冒病毒&lt;br /&gt;出自維基百科&lt;br /&gt;跳到: 導航, 尋&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;甲型流感病毒嗰樣甲型H1N1流行性感冒病毒係A(H1N1)，係「甲型流行性感冒病毒」嗰一隻亞種，佢係舞得人類流行性感冒嗰最常見嗰病毒。有滴子H1N1舞出區域性嗰人類傳染病，好似1918年嗰大面積流行性感冒，死吥50–100萬人。毒性細滴子嗰H1N1變種也都有存在，舞得各種小範圍嗰感冒同得較大範圍嗰季節性流行性感冒。2006年嗰感冒感染差不多過半都係H1N1引起嗰。[1]哈有一滴子H1N1變種會舞出豬型感冒同得禽流感傳染。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2009年6月10號，南昌尋到江西嗰頭隻A型H1N1流行性感冒病例。[2]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 註腳  [編寫]&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/891590477090826984-52100828411830600?l=influenzahumana9.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/feeds/52100828411830600/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post_9300.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/891590477090826984/posts/default/52100828411830600'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/891590477090826984/posts/default/52100828411830600'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post_9300.html' title='A型H1N1流行性感冒病毒'/><author><name>vikingo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16260060789958704799</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-891590477090826984.post-5309712175428688513</id><published>2009-06-19T11:55:00.003-07:00</published><updated>2009-06-19T12:12:56.031-07:00</updated><title type='text'>H1N1亜型</title><content type='html'>H1N1亜型&lt;br /&gt;出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』&lt;br /&gt;移動: ナビゲーション, 検索&lt;br /&gt;?H1N1亜型 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;復元されたスペインかぜ（H1N1）のウイルス &lt;br /&gt;分類（ウイルス） &lt;br /&gt;群 : 第5群（1本鎖RNA -鎖） &lt;br /&gt;科 : オルトミクソウイルス科&lt;br /&gt;Orthomyxoviridae &lt;br /&gt;属 : A型インフルエンザウイルス&lt;br /&gt;Influenzavirus A &lt;br /&gt;亜型 : H1N1 &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;H1N1亜型（エイチイチエヌイチあがた Influenza A virus subtype H1N1）はA型インフルエンザウイルスの亜型の一つである。H1N1、A (H1N1)とも表記され、日本ではソ連型、Aソ連型とも呼ばれる。 スペインかぜとしてパンデミック（世界的流行）を起こしたウイルスもこの亜型の株である。ヒトに感染した場合の症状は比較的軽く、ブタの間でエンデミック（局地流行）を起こしたりもする。さまざまな種類の変異株が鳥類から発見された。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;目次 [非表示]&lt;br /&gt;1 概要 &lt;br /&gt;2 スペインかぜ &lt;br /&gt;3 ソ連かぜ &lt;br /&gt;4 新型インフルエンザの可能性 &lt;br /&gt;5 参考 &lt;br /&gt;6 関連項目 &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 概要 [編集]&lt;br /&gt;H1N1の変異株はスペインかぜと呼ばれるパンデミックを起こし、1918年から1919年の間に5000万人から1億人の死者を出した[1]。また、ブタの間で伝染する株もある（ブタの伝染株については豚インフルエンザの項目も参照）。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2005年、H1N1のゲノムが科学雑誌サイエンスで発表されたが、このゲノム情報がバイオテロに使われる恐れがあるとして論争が起こった。同誌には 「1918年のスペインかぜを起こした株と現在の株を比較した場合、約4400のアミノ酸のうち、25個から30個程度しか変異していないことが判明した。この変異によってトリ由来のウイルスがトリからヒト、さらにヒトからヒトへと感染するようになった。」 とある[2] 。 低病原性のH1N1は現在世界中に広く分布しており、2006年にヒトに感染したインフルエンザウイルスの約半数を占めている[3]。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; スペインかぜ [編集]&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;アメリカとヨーロッパにおけるスペインかぜの死者数詳細は「スペインかぜ」を参照&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;スペインかぜは非常に致死率の高い悪性の変異株によって起こったインフルエンザパンデミックである。第一次世界大戦中の1918年から1919年の間に流行し、5000万から1億人の感染者が死亡した。 他の伝染病、戦争、自然災害などと比較しても、最も短期間で多くの死者を出した出来事であった。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;スペインかぜはH1N1のインフルエンザウイルスによって起こったものであるが、H5N1やH5N2によって引き起こされるトリインフルエンザと類似性が見られる。H5N1と同様に全身にサイトカイン・ストームを引き起こすため、致死率が高かったと考えられている。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;スペインかぜを起こしたウイルスは肺細胞に対して影響を及ぼす。肺組織でサイトカインを過剰に分泌させて免疫系を刺激する。これによって白血球が肺に移動し、肺の細胞を破壊して出血を伴う中程度から重度の肺胞炎、肺胞浮腫を引き起こすことで、患者は呼吸困難に陥る。このようなサイトカイン・ストームは、幼児や高齢者より、健康で免疫系が正常な若年の患者に起こりやすい。&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; ソ連かぜ [編集]&lt;br /&gt;ソ連かぜは、1977年から1978年にかけてソ連で流行したA/USSR/90/77 (H1N1)によって起こったインフルエンザのエピデミック（局地流行）である。 よく似た株によるインフルエンザが1947年から1957年にも流行したため、免疫を持たない23歳未満の子供や青年に感染した。パンデミックと言われることもあるが、主に青年のみに感染したため厳密にはパンデミックではない。1978年から1979年にかけて製造されたワクチンにはこのウイルスが含まれている。日本ではH1N1をソ連型、もしくはAソ連型と呼ぶこともある[4][5][6][7]。 　&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 新型インフルエンザの可能性 [編集]&lt;br /&gt;詳細は「2009年新型インフルエンザ」を参照&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 参考 [編集]&lt;br /&gt;^ NAP Book &lt;br /&gt;^ New York Times &lt;br /&gt;^ CDC &lt;br /&gt;^ CNN interactive health timeline box 1977: Russian flu scare &lt;br /&gt;^ Time magazine article Invasion from the Steppes published February 20, 1978 &lt;br /&gt;^ Global Security article Pandemic Influenza subsection Recent Pandemic Flu Scares &lt;br /&gt;^ State of Alaska Epidemiology Bulletin Bulletin No. 9 - April 21, 1978 - RUSSIAN FLU CONFIRMED IN ALASKA &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 関連項目 [編集]&lt;br /&gt;インフルエンザ &lt;br /&gt;A型インフルエンザウイルス &lt;br /&gt;福建かぜ &lt;br /&gt;[隠す]表・話・編・歴インフルエンザ &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;インフルエンザ ウイルス - 抗ウイルス薬 - ワクチン - 治療 - ゲノム解読 - シーズン - パンデミック &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;ウイルス A型 - B型 - C型 &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;A型の亜型 H1N1（ソ連型） - H1N2 - H2N2 - H2N3 - H3N1 - H3N2（香港型） - H3N8 - H5N1 - H5N2 - H5N3 - H5N8 - H5N9 - H7N1 - H7N2 - H7N3 - H7N4 - H7N7 - H9N2 - H10N7 &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;抗ウイルス薬 アルビドール - アダマンタン（アマンタジン、リマンタジン） - ノイラミニダーゼ阻害薬（オセルタミビル、ペラミビル、ザナミビル） &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;ワクチン フルミスト - フルゾーン &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;パンデミック 2009年新型インフルエンザ - アジアかぜ - スペインかぜ - 福建かぜ - 香港かぜ &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;ヒト以外 イヌ - ウマ - トリ - ネコ - ブタ&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/891590477090826984-5309712175428688513?l=influenzahumana9.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/feeds/5309712175428688513/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post_3834.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/891590477090826984/posts/default/5309712175428688513'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/891590477090826984/posts/default/5309712175428688513'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post_3834.html' title='H1N1亜型'/><author><name>vikingo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16260060789958704799</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-891590477090826984.post-3406087260078196095</id><published>2009-06-19T11:55:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2009-06-19T11:55:07.391-07:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/891590477090826984-3406087260078196095?l=influenzahumana9.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/feeds/3406087260078196095/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post_5080.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/891590477090826984/posts/default/3406087260078196095'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/891590477090826984/posts/default/3406087260078196095'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post_5080.html' title=''/><author><name>vikingo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16260060789958704799</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-891590477090826984.post-2949173261890453468</id><published>2009-06-19T11:54:00.003-07:00</published><updated>2009-06-19T11:54:58.002-07:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/891590477090826984-2949173261890453468?l=influenzahumana9.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/feeds/2949173261890453468/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post_19.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/891590477090826984/posts/default/2949173261890453468'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/891590477090826984/posts/default/2949173261890453468'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post_19.html' title=''/><author><name>vikingo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16260060789958704799</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-891590477090826984.post-5347140165514530758</id><published>2009-06-19T11:54:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2009-06-19T11:54:43.029-07:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/891590477090826984-5347140165514530758?l=influenzahumana9.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/feeds/5347140165514530758/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/891590477090826984/posts/default/5347140165514530758'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/891590477090826984/posts/default/5347140165514530758'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://influenzahumana9.blogspot.com/2009/06/blog-post.html' title=''/><author><name>vikingo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16260060789958704799</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image 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